Request type grid computing

ABSTRACT

Methods, articles of manufacture, and systems for providing access to a grid computing environment. In one environment, requests include resource specific criteria used to identify a particular grid resource to perform the request. In another embodiment, a request includes a queue criterion used to identify one of a plurality of queues on which the request is placed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/659,977filed Sep. 11, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,467,102, which is hereinincorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention generally relates to data processing and moreparticularly to providing computing services through a grid computingenvironment.

2. Description of the Related Art

The operation of a business is a dynamic undertaking. To increase profitmargins, businesses continually seek out means of assessing andcontrolling costs. For example, one attractive alternative to outrightpurchases of assets is leasing of the assets. Leasing providesflexibility and, in some cases, tax advantages.

However, regardless of whether an asset is purchased or leased, someassets have periods of idleness, or decreased usage. During theseperiods, the assets are not productive, or not optimally productive, butstill have associated costs which the business incurs. A particularasset that suffers from this problem is the computer.

Today's computers are powerful devices having significant capacity forfunctions such as processing and storage. Unfortunately, the cost ofowning and operating computers can be significant for some businesses.In order to be effective, the computerized resources of a business mustbe sufficient to meet the current needs of the business, as well asprojected needs due to growth. In addition, even assuming no growth, theresources must be capable of tolerating the business's inevitable peaksand valleys of day-to-day operations due to increased loads forseasonal, period end, or special promotions.

As a result, businesses are left in the position of having to invest inmore computerized resources than are immediately needed in order toaccommodate growth and operational peaks and valleys. In the event thegrowth exceeds the available computerized resources, the business mustupgrade its resources, again allowing for projected growth. Thus, at anygiven time in its growth cycle, a business will have excess computercapacity allowing for growth as well as the peaks and valleys ofshort-term operations. This excess capacity translates into real costfor the business.

One conventional solution that gives user's more flexibility ison-demand access to computerized resources. Various forms of on-demandresource access are available from International Business MachinesCorporation (IBM). For example, one form of on-demand access is providedby International Business Machines, Inc. under the name “Capacity onDemand” on its line of eServer computers. In any case, computerizedresources are made available on-demand in response to actual needs,rather than projected needs. In one aspect, the provision of suchflexibility provides a cost efficient solution to accommodate peaks andvalleys that occur in any business. Increased loads for seasonal, periodend, or special promotions, for example, can be responded to quickly andefficiently. A customer pays for the capacity/resources that it needs,when it is needed. As a result, the cost of computerized resourcessubstantially matches the computerized resources actually being used,and does not include a substantial premium for excess capacity not beingused. Of course, in practice, providers may attach some form of apremium to the flexibility provided by on demand resource access.However, even with such a premium, some users will realize savings.

A problem with on-demand resources, however, is that customers may stillhave to incur costs associated with transportation, maintenance andstorage of these additional resources. Additionally, at any given timethere may be idle resources available that are not being used. This mayamount to a waste of resources for a service provider and/or anunnecessary expense for a customer.

An alternative to on-demand resources is grid computing. A gridcomputing environment may be a type of parallel and distributedcomputing system which enables the sharing, selection, and aggregationof geographically distributed resources at runtime depending on theiravailability, capability, performance, cost, and/or user's quality ofservice requirements. The advantage of grid computing is that the endusers are not burdened with cost of ownership issues such aspurchase/lease cost and maintenance costs. However, currently users arelimited in the options from which they may select when submittingrequests. In particular, users are limited to specifying the minimalrequirements for a job to be run properly. Examples of such requirementsinclude the computer architecture (e.g., Intel or PowerPC), and minimalmemory and disk resources.

Accordingly, there is a need for exploiting, enhancing and addingflexibilities made available to users of grid computing resources.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aspects of the invention generally provide methods, articles ofmanufacture, and systems for providing user options for processingrequests in a grid-based computing environment.

In another embodiment, user requests include machine specific criteria.The machine specific criteria may include any variety of criteria thatrequire the request to be processed on a particular machine satisfyingthe criteria.

In a particular embodiment, a computer-implemented method of providingaccess to grid computing resources available to a plurality of userscomprises receiving, from a requesting entity, a request to use aspecific grid computing resource to perform a defined function; androuting the request to the specific grid computing resource inaccordance with the request.

Another embodiment of the method of providing access to grid computingresources available to a plurality of users comprises receiving, from arequesting entity, a request comprising (i) a defined function to beperformed and (ii) a resource specific criterion identifying a specificresource to perform the defined function; and based on the resourcespecific criterion, identifying a grid computing resource as thespecific resource to perform the defined function.

Yet another embodiment of the method of providing access to gridcomputing resources available to a plurality of users comprisesreceiving, from a requesting entity, a plurality of requests related toa benchmarking operation, wherein at least one of the requests comprisesa defined function to be performed and at least each of the remainingrequests comprise a different resource specific criterion identifying adifferent specific resource to perform the defined function; based oneach resource specific criterion, identifying a grid computing resourceas the specific resource to perform the defined function, wherein adifferent grid computing resource is identified for each differentresource specific criterion; and submitting each request to perform thedefined function to an appropriate grid resource according to therespective different resource specific criterions.

Another embodiment provides a computerized environment comprising arequest manager configured to (i) receive, from a requesting entity, arequest comprising a defined function to be performed and a resourcespecific criterion identifying a specific resource to perform thedefined function; (ii) based on the resource specific criterion,identify a grid computing resource as the specific resource to performthe defined function, the identified grid computing resource being oneof a plurality of resources of a computing grid; and (iii) route therequest to the identified grid computing resource.

In another embodiment, a grid provider manages a plurality of queuesspecific to different request criteria. User requests are placed inparticular queues according to the request criteria.

In a particular embodiment, a computer-implemented method of providingaccess to a computing grid available to a plurality of users comprisesreceiving a plurality of requests each comprising (i) a queue criterionand (ii) a defined function to be performed by at least one computingresource of the computing grid; and placing each request on a differentone of a plurality of queues according to the respective queuecriterion.

In yet another embodiment, a computerized environment comprises aplurality of queues each configured for different request types; and arequest manager. The request manager is configured to receive aplurality of requests each comprising (i) a queue criterion and (ii) adefined function to be performed by at least one computing resource of acomputing grid; and place each request on a different one of theplurality of queues according to the respective queue criterion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages andobjects of the present invention are attained and can be understood indetail, a more particular description of the invention, brieflysummarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereofwhich are illustrated in the appended drawings.

It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate onlytypical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to beconsidered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to otherequally effective embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an environment having a provider ofcomputing services through a grid environment in which requests includemachine specific parameters, in accordance with one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the submission and processing ofrequests having machine specific parameters, in accordance with oneembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an environment having a provider ofcomputing services through a grid environment in which requests areplaced on queues according to the request type, in accordance with oneembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the handling of different requests,including work requests to be performed in a grid environment, inaccordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the routing of different requesttypes to different queues.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention is generally directed to a system, method, andarticle of manufacture for providing user options for processingrequests in a grid-based computing environment. For example, a widevariety of computing resources and services (grid computing environment)may be made available to customers via a service provider. In someembodiments, the customers may be charged a fee for use of the gridcomputing environment.

It should be noted that while aspects of the invention are described inthe context of a business, the invention provides advantages to anyuser, whether involved in a business or not.

One embodiment of the invention is implemented as a program product foruse with a computer system. The program(s) of the program productdefines functions of the embodiments (including the methods describedherein) and can be contained on a variety of signal-bearing media.Illustrative signal-bearing media include, but are not limited to: (i)information permanently stored on non-writable storage media (e.g.,read-only memory devices within a computer such as CD-ROM disks readableby a CD-ROM drive); (ii) alterable information stored on writablestorage media (e.g., floppy disks within a diskette drive or hard-diskdrive); and (iii) information conveyed to a computer by a communicationsmedium, such as through a computer or telephone network, includingwireless communications. The latter embodiment specifically includesinformation downloaded from the Internet and other networks. Suchsignal-bearing media, when carrying computer-readable instructions thatdirect the functions of the present invention, represent embodiments ofthe present invention.

In general, the routines executed to implement the embodiments of theinvention, may be part of an operating system or a specific application,component, program, module, object, or sequence of instructions. Thecomputer program of the present invention typically is comprised of amultitude of instructions that will be translated by the native computerinto a machine-readable format and hence executable instructions. Also,programs are comprised of variables and data structures that eitherreside locally to the program or are found in memory or on storagedevices. In addition, various programs described hereinafter may beidentified based upon the application for which they are implemented ina specific embodiment of the invention. However, it should beappreciated that any particular program nomenclature that follows isused merely for convenience, and thus the invention should not belimited to use solely in any specific application identified and/orimplied by such nomenclature.

Machine Specific Requests in Grid Computing Environment

In one embodiment, user requests include machine/resource specificcriteria. The machine specific criteria may include any variety ofcriteria that require the request to be processed on a particularmachine satisfying the criteria.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a data processing environment 100 is shown.Generally, the environment includes a provider computer 102 and aplurality of one or more customer computers 116 ₁-116 _(N). The providercomputer 102 is illustratively embodied as a server computer withrespect to the customer computers 116, which are, therefore, embodied asclient computers. Although all computers are shown as singular entities,in practice the provider computer 102 and the client computers 116 mayall be a network of computers configured to perform various functions,including those described herein. Further, the terms “client” and“server” are used merely for convenience and not by way of limitation.As such, the customer computers 116, which may be clients relative tothe provider computer 102 in some regards, may themselves be serversrelative to one or more other clients (not shown).

The provider computer 102 and the customer computers 116 communicatethrough a network 106. Illustratively, the network 106 may be any mediumthrough which information may be transferred such as, for example, alocal area network (LAN) and a wide area network (WAN), or a telephonenetwork. The network 106 is merely representative of one communicationsmedium. Some aspects of the invention may be facilitated by othercommunication mediums such as, for example, the U.S. Postal Service. Forexample, the customer computer 116 ₁ may use other forms ofcommunication such as snail mail, facsimile, or a telephone instead ofthe network 106 to communicate with the provider computer 102. Otheraspects may also be practiced in the absence of any communicationmediums between the provider 102 and the customers 116.

In a particular embodiment, the network 106 is the Internet. As such,the provider computer 102 may be configured with a hypertext transferprotocol (HTTP) server 122 capable of servicing requests from browserprograms 118 residing on the customer computers 116. The HTTP server 122and the browser program 118 provide convenient and well-known softwarecomponents for establishing a network connection (e.g., a TCP/IPconnection) via the network 106, and for receiving information fromusers on the computer systems 116.

Generally, the provider computer 102 provides the customer computers 116with access to a grid 104. The grid 104 is a grid computing environmentcontaining a number of different computing resources 120 ₁-120 _(N). Inone embodiment, a grid computing environment may be a type of paralleland distributed computing system which enables the sharing, selection,and aggregation of geographically distributed resources at runtimedepending on their availability, capability, performance, cost, and/oruser's quality of service requirements. The grid 104 may be a network ofmany diverse hardware and/or software computing resources including, butnot limited to, applications, databases, web services, storage,computing power, and the like. These resources may be available andaccessible through a network medium such as, the Internet, to a widevariety of users and may be shared between them. Access to differentresources within the grid 104 may also be provided by different serviceproviders.

In one embodiment, the provider computer 102 is configured with amanager 108 to manage requests for grid resources from the clients 116.Although, the manager 108 is shown as a single entity, it should benoted that it may be representative of different functions implementedby different software and/or hardware components within the providercomputer 102. In general, the manager 108 manages the requests from theclient computers 116. The requests may include various request criteria(i.e., parameters included with the request). Accordingly, the manager108 may be configured to determine whether at least some of the responsecriteria can be satisfied. If the manager determines the request can besatisfied, the manager routes the request to the appropriate resourcesof the grid 104.

In one embodiment, request criteria include at least machine specificparameters. A machine specific parameter is any specific parameter of amachine, i.e., a parameter that is specifically identified with amachine. Machine specific parameters include any variety of known andunknown parameters including, but not limited to, those provided inTABLE I.

TABLE I SYSTEM SPECIFIC PARAMETER EXAMPLES: Number of CPUs Speed of CPUsType of CPUs (Intel Pentium ®, AMD Athlon ®, IBM Power4 ®, etc.) Size ofL1, L2, L3 caches OS type (windows, OS/400, AIX, etc.) OS version (V5R2,3.0, etc.) Dedicated in shared system Security level Number of disk armsAmount of main memory Database Management System (DBMS) type (SAS SQLServer, IBM DB2, etc.) DBMS version System measurement values that couldbe returned CPU utilization Memory paging rates Disk arm utilization

Note that each parameter is specific, in the sense that a given machineeither satisfies the parameter or does not satisfy the parameter.However, more than one machine may satisfy a given parameter. Thus, thegreater the number of parameters specified in a given request, thelesser the number of machines which will satisfy the request. In thisregard, it is contemplated that a request may uniquely identify amachine or group of machines by including unique machine identifiers(e.g., machine type and serial number).

Allowing a user to specify a particular machine or machines in a gridprovides a number of advantages to the user. For example, a user mayutilize this functionality to perform benchmarking. Benchmarking refersto the systematic testing of machines to determine, for example,performance needs of a user. As an example, TABLE II shows a test listin which the user has specified a plurality of test requests to be runon selected machines of the grid. Specifically, each row is a separatetest and the machines are selected according to machine specificparameters.

TABLE II Example benchmark test case file: OS TYPE OS LEVEL # CPUs CPUTYPE OS/400 V5R1 4 Power 4 OS/400 V5R2 4 Power 4

In addition to machine specific parameters, the request criteria mayinclude any variety of other criterions. For example, in one embodiment,the request criteria additionally include the time to process a requestand/or return a response. That is the user may specify, for example, howquickly results must be returned to the user.

In one embodiment, at least some of the requests are fulfilled on a feebasis, which may be calculated by the manager 108. The fee charged maybe dependant on the various criteria (referred to here as fee criteria),such as the machine specific criteria, the time to process a requestand/or return a response and other request criteria defined above. Inone embodiment, the manager 108 implements tiered response time pricingas described in U.S. application Ser. No. 10/659,976 filed on Sep. 12,2003, published on Mar. 17, 2003 as PG-PUB US20050060163, entitled“Power on Demand Tiered Response Time Pricing” and herein incorporatedby reference in its entirety. Accordingly, the manager 108 may alsomonitor progress of the requests by keeping track of time spent on aparticular request.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary method 200 for submitting and processingmachine specific requests to a grid computing environment (e.g., thegrid 104 FIG. 1). The left-hand side of FIG. 2 represents processing 202performed by a user (e.g., a user of one of the customer computers ofFIG. 1) and the right-hand side represents processing 204 performed bythe provider of FIG. 1. In one embodiment, the provider processing 204is implemented by the manager 108 (FIG. 1). Illustratively, the method200 describes a user performing benchmarking. Accordingly, a pluralityof test requests related to a given benchmarking operation is submitted(e.g., via the network 106). However, more generally singular requestsmay be submitted by the user and processed by the provider in the sameor similar way, in which case some of the benchmarking-specificoperations of method 200 may not be necessary, as will be apparent to aperson skilled in the art. Further, whether or not performingbenchmarking, some of the operations of method 200 may be omitted,supplemented with additional operations, be performed in parallel or beperformed in a different order.

In the illustrative embodiment, individual test requests for abenchmarking operation are submitted in series, wherein each consecutiverequest is submitted by the user upon completion of the previousrequest. Alternatively, the complete set of test requests for a givenbenchmarking operation may be submitted as a batch to the provider,which then returns results incrementally for each request or as a batch.For a given request submitted by a user to the provider (step 206), theprovider receives the request (step 208) and then determines whether therequest can be fulfilled (step 210). That is, the provider determineswhether the grid includes a machine (or machines) satisfying the requestcriteria. In one embodiment, an exact match is required, while inanother embodiment a degree of variance may be tolerated (e.g., by usinga best-fit algorithm). If the grid does not include a machine whichmatches the request criteria, the request cannot be processed, and arejection is sent to the customer (step 212). Upon receiving therejection (step 214) the user may be prompted to indicate whether tocontinue processing additional test requests for a particularbenchmarking operation (step 216). If the user elects not to continue,no further test requests are submitted for that benchmarking operation.If the user elects to continue, the next test request is submitted (step206).

Returning to step 210, if the machine specific request criteria ismatched to a particular grid machine, the provider may then determine afee to process the request (step 218). In one embodiment, the fee to becharged to the user is dependent upon the particular machine selected toperform the request. For example, a highly specialized machine may bemore expensive than a general-purpose machine. Likewise, a machinehaving limited availability (e.g., due to excessive demand from otherusers) may cost a premium. In one embodiment, the user is permitted torequest a dedicated machine to perform the user's request(s). That is,the machine will be made available exclusively to a particular user, andto the exclusion of all other users. It is contemplated that suchrequests for dedicated machines will also cost a premium relative torequests run on non-dedicated machines. In some cases, the fee to becharged to the user is dependent upon aspects of processing the requestwhich cannot be predetermined (e.g., the amount of time needed toprocess the request). Accordingly, the fee determined prior toprocessing the request may be an estimate. Alternatively, the fee may bedetermined after the request has been processed.

Once determined, the fee is sent to the user (step 220). Upon receipt(step 222), the user may accept or decline the fee (step 224), in whichcase an acceptance (step 226) or a rejection (step 228), respectively,is sent back to the provider. The provider receives the user's response(step 230) and determines whether the response is an acceptance or arejection (step 232). If the response is a rejection, the provider waitsfor the next request (step 234); and if the response is an acceptance,the provider processes the request (step 236).

Depending upon the nature of the test request, the provider may thenreturns results to the user (step 238). For example, the test requestmay have been a query to be run against a selected database ordatabases. For a benchmarking operation, the provider may also returnvarious metrics (step 238), such as CPU utilization, memory pagingrates, disk utilization, etc. The user may then record the resultsand/or metrics (step 240). If the benchmarking operation includes moretest requests (step 242), the next request is submitted to the provider(step 206). The processing described above is then repeated until all ofthe test requests have been processed. At that point the metrics may besummarized for analysis by the user (step 244).

Grid Processing Using Request Queues

In another embodiment, the provider 102 manages a plurality of queuesspecific to different request criteria. User requests are placed inparticular queues according to the request criteria.

FIG. 3 shows a computing environment 300 which includes a provider 302configured for grid processing using request queues. For convenience andbrevity, like components described above with respect to FIG. 1 areincluded in FIG. 3 and identified by their reference numerals. Inaddition to these components, the grid provider 302 includes a manager304 configured with a queue managing function 306. The queue managingfunction 306 determines which of a plurality of queues 308 ₁, 308 ₂, . .. 308 _(N) each request (received, e.g., from the network 106) is placedon. In a particular embodiment, the queues 308 are First-In-First-Out(FIFO). That is, requests are time ordered and processed in the order inwhich they are received. However, any other type of queue architectureis contemplated.

Each queue may be configured with different attributes affecting, forexample, the manner in which a request is processed and/or a fee to becharged for processing the request. Examples of different queues (i.e.,queues having different attributes) are described below with respect toFIG. 5.

Although lines are drawn between individual queues 308 and individualresources 120 of the grid 104, this illustration is not intended tosuggest a fixed relationship between queues and resources. Accordingly,a first request in the first queue 308 ₁ may be handled by a first gridresource 120 ₁ and a second request in the first queue 308 ₁ may behandled by a second grid resource 120 ₂. However, in an alternativeembodiment, some or all of the queues 308 have fixed relationships withrespective grid resources 120. In such an embodiment, requests placed onthese queues will always be processed by the same grid resource.

In one embodiment, the manager 304 (as implemented by the queue managingfunction 306) is responsible for monitoring the grid and routing workfrom the queues 308 to resources within the grid. The manager 304 maytake into account the queue requirements while moving work requests onthe queues and routing them to grid resources. For example, the manager304 may choose to route a request from a “high priority” queue to a gridresource that has a specific machine resource queue associated with,potentially ahead of requests on the other queue, in order to completethe higher priority work first.

It is noted that the manager 304 may perform a variety of functions inaddition to the queue managing function 306. For example, FIG. 4 showsone embodiment of a method 400 describing operations performed by themanager 304. Illustratively, the method 400 describes an event drivenmodel in that the manager 304 performs actions in response to receivinga user request or other event (step 402).

Illustrative user request types supported by the manager 304 includerequests for a queue type listing, completion time estimate and a gridwork request. In each case, the manager 304 takes some action responsiveto the request and then returns to a wait state until receipt of thenext request (step 402).

If the request is for a queue type listing (step 404) the manager 304sends the queue type information to the user (step 406) and then waitsfor the next request (step 402). The queue type information may includea list of all available queues types on which requests may be placed, aswell as any fees associated with the respective queues. Illustrativequeue types are described below with respect FIG. 5.

A request for a completion time estimate (determined at step 408) wouldtypically include a grid work request to be performed in the grid 104and a parameter prompting the manager 304 to calculate the estimatedtime needed to complete the grid work request. In an alternativeembodiment, the user may have already submitted the grid work requestand the request for a completion time estimate is an inquiry as to theremaining time before completion. In either case, the manager 304estimates a completion time (step 410) and sends the estimate to theuser (step 412). It is contemplated that the completion time estimateincludes the sum of a processing time estimate and a wait time estimate(i.e., a period of time before processing can start). Of course, ifprocessing has already begun, the completion time estimate reflects onlyan estimate of the time remaining. In the latter situation the manager304 may also return the elapsed time (i.e., the amount of time elapsedsince the grid work request was received from the user and/or the amountof time elapsed since processing of the request was initiated).

At some point, a user will submit a grid work request (step 414), i.e.,a request to be processed using the resources 120 of the grid 104. Suchrequests include the necessary parameters to identify an appropriatequeue on which to place the request. In this regard it is contemplatedthat a request may explicitly identify a queue, or include sufficientinformation allowing the queue managing function 306 to identify theappropriate queue. In either case, the queue managing function 306 maybe invoked to route the work request to the appropriate queue (step416). It is contemplated that the manager 304 is signaled when a workrequest has been completed (step 418). In one embodiment, the manager304 then calculates a fee to be charged to the user for performing towork request (step 420). In an alternative embodiment the fee may havebeen calculated (or estimated) and provided to the user prior toperforming to work request. The manager 304 then sends the user theresults of the work request (if any), a completion notice, and/or thefee (step 422). Step 424 is representative of other events that may behandled by the manager 304.

Referring now to FIG. 5 one embodiment of operations implemented by thequeue managing function 306 at step 416 (of FIG. 4) are shown. Ingeneral, the queue managing function 306 routes each incoming grid workrequest to an appropriate queue. For example, in one embodiment arequest may specify a particular priority level (step 502) that causesthe queue managing function 306 to route to request to the correspondingpriority queue (step 504). Priority levels may include, for example,high, medium and low, and a separate queue is configured for eachdifferent priority level. In another embodiment, requests (identified atstep 506) may specify a queue(s) configured for stand-alone/isolatedresources. That is, the user may desire to process a request on adedicated resource that is not shared with other users (at least whilethe request is being processed). Accordingly, the queue managingfunction 306 routes the request to the appropriate stand-alone queue(step 508). In yet another embodiment, queues are machine specific(i.e., associated with different machines). Such an implementationfacilitates servicing machine specific requests as described above,except that, at least in one embodiment, the user need not explicitlysubmit machine attributes as parameters of the request, since machineselection is achieved by selection of a particular machine specificqueue from a plurality of machine specific queues. In anotherembodiment, however, the machine specific queue(s) is not associatedwith any particular machine, but merely provides a “port” through whichall machine specific requests (including explicit machine attributes)are routed. In the latter embodiment, the machine specific queue(s)exclusively supports machine specific requests, but the particularmachine designated to process the request is identified by parameters ofthe request, not by the queue(s). In any case, the queue managingfunction 306 identifies machine specific requests (step 510) and routeseach such request to its corresponding queue (step 512). Requests notspecific to any particular queue may be placed on a general queue, or onany available queue (step 514). It is noted that the queue typesdescribed in FIG. 5 are merely illustrative, and not exhaustive. Personsskilled in the art will recognize other queue types within the scope ofthe present invention.

While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention,other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised withoutdeparting from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof isdetermined by the claims that follow.

1. A computerized environment, comprising: a request manager configuredto: receive, from a requesting entity, a request comprising (i) aspecification of a function to be performed and (ii) a resource specificcriterion identifying one or more specific grid computing resources toperform the function; based on the resource specific criterion, identifya grid computing resource as the specific resource to perform thefunction, the identified grid computing resource being one of aplurality of resources of a computing grid; and route the request, byuse of one or more computer processors, to the identified grid computingresource.
 2. The computerized environment of claim 1, wherein therequest manager is further configured to determine a price to be chargedfor fulfilling the request.
 3. The computerized environment of claim 1,wherein the computing grid is accessible to a plurality of users via therequest manager.
 4. The computerized environment of claim 3, wherein theresource specific criterion uniquely identifies the identified gridcomputing resource.
 5. The computerized environment of claim 3, whereinthe resource specific criterion uniquely designates particular computerhardware that the identified grid computing resource must include. 6.The computerized environment of claim 3, wherein the resource specificcriterion uniquely designates computer software that the identified gridcomputing resource must have installed.